Sister Callista Roy Adaptation Model of Nursing

concepts of adaptation model

Roy’s Adaptation Model

World View: Reciprocal Interaction World View

  • Holistic view of person and adaptive systems
  • People represent unity in diversity
  • Humans interact with a changing environment

Content of the Nursing Model; the 4 concepts (human beings, environment, health, nursing) and NON-RELATIONAL propositions or constitutive definitions:

Humans: Human Adaptive System; a whole with parts that function as unity for some purpose. The capacity to think, feel, and the ability to adjust to environmental changes. 2 dimensions; single or group or relational persons (family, community, nations)

    • Coping Process: innate or acquired with 4 dimensions;
      • Regulator Coping System: neural, chemical, and endocrine channels
      • Cognator Coping Subsystem: perceptual and information processing
      • Stabilizer Subsystem Control Processes: the structure and values of daily activities
      • Innovator Subsystem Control Process: the cognitive and emotional strategies for higher potential
    • Behavior: all observable and non-observable responses (i.e. assets, knowledge, communication, abilities, commitments) with 2 dimensions;
      • Adaptive: promotes integrity, growth with goals of survival, reproduction, and mastery
      • Ineffective: responses that limit or threaten survival
    • Adaptive Modes: ways in which humans respond to stimuli and proceed to cope. 4 dimensions that are interrelated and defined;
      • Physiologic/Physical Mode: the human body and its 9 subdimensions; oxygenation, nutrition, elimination, activity/rest, protection, senses, fluid/electrolyte/acid-base, neurological function, and endocrine function
      • Self-Concept/Group Identity Mode: the composites and beliefs a person holds about oneself. Group identity refers to shared relations, goals, and values (also includes the process)
        • 2 Subdimensions of Self-Concept; physical & personal self
        • 4 Subdimensions of Group: interpersonal relationships, group self-image, social milieu, group culture
      • Role Function Mode: behavior pertaining to the roles in human systems (roles are a functional unit in society)
        • 7 subdimensions: primary, secondary, and tertiary role, instrumental behavior (role activity the person performs), expressive behavior (feelings and attitudes about the role), role-taking, integrating roles (management and expectations)
      • Interdependence Mode: behavior pertaining to interdependent relationships of individuals and groups with subdimensions: affectional adequacy (the need to give/receive love), developmental adequacy (maturation in relationships), resource adequacy (the need for food, clothing, shelter, and health), significant others, support systems, context (external- economic, social, political & internal- mission/vision, values, goals, plans), infrastructure (resources/developmental processes), resources (food, shelter, meeting places, technology)

Environment is represented by (internal and external) stimuli and has 3 dimensions; focal, contextual, residual

      • Focal Stimulus: awareness and consciousness
      • Contextual Stimuli: all factors that are not a part of the focus
      • Residual Stimuli: effects that are unclear in current situation
      • Human Beings and Environment:
        • Adaptation has 5 dimensions: survival, growth, reproduction, mastery, person and environment transformations
        • Adaptation level has 3 dimensions: integrated life processes (functions that meet human needs), compensatory life processes (the regulator has been activated by a challenge), and compromised life processes (inadequate adaptation problems)

Health is unidimensionally defined as a state and process of being and becoming integrated and whole.

Nursing is represented as a science and art-

        • Science: deals with understanding how and why includes 2 dimensions; basic nursing science & clinical nursing science
        • Art: deals with understanding and expressing the realities of life

Relational Propositions

  • Changing environments stimulates human being
  • Humans are adaptive systems, constantly growing and developing with the environment
  • The goal of nursing is to promote adaptation (in the 4 adaptive modes)
  • The nurse’s role is to promote adaptation in situations of health and illness and to enhance the interaction with the environment

Roy Adaptation Model Nursing Process (practice methodology)

  • Assessment of behavior
  • Gathering behavioral data
  • Tentative judgment of behavior
  • Assessment of stimuli
  • Nursing diagnosis
  • Goal Setting
  • Intervention
  • Implementation
  • Evaluation

Related Diagrams

roy adaptation model example of roy adaptation model

Additional Information